The Hidden Tax of Lottery
Lottery is a game of chance in which players pay for the chance to win money or prizes. Players select numbers in a lottery drawing and win the prize if their numbers match those randomly selected by a machine. It’s a popular form of gambling that is widely used for public and private purposes, including to award government contracts, grant military service, or place kindergarten positions.
In the modern world, we often think of lottery games as fun little indulgences — an opportunity to dream about winning a fortune at the cost of just a few bucks. But lottery games can be a hidden tax on the poor, with research suggesting that people living below the poverty line make up a disproportionate share of players.
The word lottery derives from the Latin lotium, meaning “fateful choice” or “lucky number.” In fact, the very first recorded signs of a lottery date back to a Chinese keno slip from the Han Dynasty between 205 and 187 BC. In colonial America, lotteries were a common method for raising money for public projects. Some of the first church buildings, colleges, canals, and roads were funded by lotteries.
During the Revolutionary War, Alexander Hamilton argued that lotteries should be kept simple so that everyone could participate. The Continental Congress took his advice, and from 1744 to 1776 many state lotteries were a primary source of funds for the new country.
Some modern lotteries award government contracts or grants for a variety of projects, from housing units to kindergarten placements. Others award lottery tickets to participants for a specific prize, such as the top NHL draft pick. The winners can cash in the ticket for their share of the prize money or may choose to trade it in for items such as sports memorabilia.
The earliest lotteries were held at banquets in the Roman Empire, and prizes were usually elaborate dinnerware for each ticket holder. Later, the lottery grew into a widespread and sophisticated system of public and private financing that was used to fund everything from road repairs to wars. Even Benjamin Franklin ran a few lotteries to raise money for the defense of Philadelphia. But by the 1770s, lotteries were falling out of favor. In the mid-20th century, they re-emerged as a means of fundraising for a wide range of public projects and programs.